One of the common complaints that a doctor hears from patients is pain in the knees. What is caused, is not always possible to tell right away, because the knee may suffer from various diseases, one of which is the osteoarthritis of the knee joint. It is also known under the name of gonarthrosis, and represents the defeat of the joint, which is usually worn non-inflammatory character and contributes to the destruction of cartilage, bone deformity and limitation of motion of the patient.
Form
There are two main forms of the disease:
- primary. Appear due to improper development of joints at birth;
- secondary. Appears as a result of other diseases helena injury.
The primary form usually develops from childhood and conditioned by the poor development of the apparatus of the ligaments helena joints. Are during physical activity are exposed to high load and the deformed.
The secondary form of the disease is caused by the following factors:
- injuries (wounds, sprains, sprains, fractures), which contribute to the disruption of the structure of bones, ligaments, cartilage. It becomes the cause of post-traumatic forms of the disease;
- the transfer of the operation to removal of the meniscus, which damage the integrity of the structure of the knee joint;
- too high load on the legs (it is characteristic for athletes);
- overweight because it puts a lot of pressure of your body weight on the cartilage of the joints of the knee;
- arthritis (an inflammatory process in the joints). Long-term illness is accompanied by the formation of excess fluid in the cavity, which is the cause of the complications;
- a violation of the functioning of the metabolism, which is the cause of the deposition of salts;
- various delegated knee surgery;
- the disease, for which there are characteristic long muscle spasms of the muscles of the legs helena vessels.
The process of the development of the disease can have a one-way helena two-way form. Trauma, most likely will be the cause of unilateral osteoarthritis, and obesity will lead to mutual.
The symptoms of the disease
Osteoarthritis knee joint symptoms occur gradually. The patient may for years not knowing that it is sick, because the visible changes of the shape of the strain helena strong painful feelings not to him. In this osteoarthritis of the knee joint of 1 degree most often accompanied by unpleasant and painful sensations in the knees, but few who at this stage turns to the doctor. More prone to this disease are women after 40 years, who suffer from overweight. Mainly supporting the development of this disease, the availability of varicose veins. At this stage it is possible to treat the disease at home, even without the use of drugs and ointments.
Feelings of pain during the disease are sudden and come gradually, sometimes over several years. Arise in sport, walking and other physical activities. When this sharp pain can be a symptom of gonartrózaa, and is only a consequence of fractures, the pinch points of the meniscus helena bruised. If the patient feels a strong discomfort, then it will certainly arthrosis of the knee joint 2 degrees. In order to avoid painful feelings, the person tries to spend more time in the solid state, however, after the resumption of physical activity the discomfort still returns.
Such a symptom, such as deformation, accompanied by a deforming arthrosis of the knee joint. It becomes evident on a second, helena third stages of the disease. Her first symptoms: knee slightly swollen, but retains its shape. In the last stages there is a change in its shape, which can make even one leg shorter than helena longer. Sick worth it to drink this type of medication, as chondroprotectors (promote restoration of the cartilage).
Synovitis (congestion in the articular cavity fluids) also signals the development of the disease. If it is fluid too much, then there may occur the so-called Baker's cysts – the palatine on the articular wall of the joint. Elastic, cyst, becomes prominent when the knee is flattened. It is easy to treat by the intervention of a doctor.
One of the most characteristic symptoms, it is crunchy, which is noticeable when the disease in 2 and 3 stages. The main thing – to distinguish voiced by the crunching of the joints of a healthy person and the deaf, the dry crunch of the patient. This causes weakness in the apparatus of the ligaments of the helena of their high mobility. For ensuring peace of the joints of the patient is advised to wear a knee in osteoarthritis.
Limitation of motion of the knee joint manifests itself in the later stages of the disease. In this case the patient can not fully straighten helena bend the leg because it causes severe pain. In the case that the disease came before the 3rd stage, the knee can be quite a property, which is caused by fusion of the joints. It's a condition requires that the injection, ointments helena other resources and products, easing from painful sensations, and also the intervention of a doctor, because the normal massage helena folk remedies are powerless against the conjoined bone.
Phase gonartrózaa
There are three phases gonartrózaa:
- from the moment you start the first stage of the visible manifestations of the disease will pass of the moon helena years. The man in the complains of pain sensations in the legs, that occur regularly. In particular, it refers to the first steps up the stairs helena down, as well as when lifting out of bed in the morning. The images can show narrowing of the interarticular joints. As usual, instead of the expedition to a specialist patients often relate people's ointments, tinctures and drugs;
- the second phase is characterized by more severe pain, which can end up even in the resting state of the limb. Their accompanying crunchy. Into the cavity of the joints can accumulate fluid, and x-ray images show the beginning of the deformation and the growths of bones. The patient in this stage are strongly restricts the number of movements of the diseased limb. To alleviate the unpleasant sensations a specialist can prescribe the injections and intake of chondroprotectors;
- at last, the third stage, the pain becomes constant, and often amplified when changing weather conditions. X-ray shows significant deformation of the knee, which can only be removed through surgery, while the patient should drink a complex of special chondroprotectors. The patient changes walking: deforming arthrosis of the knee joint facilitates walking and either at the little bent legs, helena waddle
Treatment of the disease
Treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint is directly dependent on the severity of the disease of the knee. The chronic character of the pathology will help to come up only in the phase of remission (when it is active manifestations of the disease to a minimum, helena is missing). Physiotherapy treatment combined with the application of drugs, in particular, chondroprotectors, gives positive results.
The goals of treatment are:
- reduction of painful feelings;
- rescue using a variety of means cartilage and apparatus of the ligaments;
- increase range of motion in the limb.
Among the ways to treat the issue:
- app pharmaceuticals (chondroprotectors);
- surgery doctors;
- restorative complex (physical therapy, physiotherapy, massage and other means).
Drugs, which are also known under the name of chondroprotectors, the truth will be able to pick up only a doctor. It is strictly forbidden to prescribe for themselves, as chondroprotectors are themselves quite strong medication.
All the directors of the honey. medications are aimed at:
- removal of painful feelings, and also inflammation. For this cavity are introduced to the drugs of hormonal and non-hormonal type;
- improvement of blood supply and pain in the legs. For this there are drugs that allow you to relieve spasms of blood vessels helena muscles;
- the healing of cartilage tissue. Are developed special products – all kinds of chondroprotectors, which differ in the strength of the impact on the affected joint. They nourish the necessary substances of the cartilage fabric. Chondroprotectors also able to help the body create new cartilage tissue.
The medication is produced in the form of ointments, injections and other means.
In addition, the popular method of treatment is and massage for osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Properly executed by the doctor of massage with the use of the ointment, allows you to relax constantly tense the muscles near the affected disease of the knee, which will reduce the pain (acting worse jabs). Also massage balm helps to increase the number of movements performed by the legs, fix, bone, even in the domestic environment, strengthen the blood circulation. If pathology passed into the third phase, it is common boban friends helena prick can help and is required surgical intervention. The doctor implants the patient with a metal prosthesis to replace the broken part of the leg. As implants have to be changed every few years, and the operation itself is worth quite expensive.
Restorative complex includes the exercise in osteoarthritis of the knee joint, which the patient should be carried out under the strict supervision of your doctor. This track exercise goals:
- improve blood circulation;
- improve muscle tone in the home. For example, kinesitherapy includes instruction of patients on special simulators.
Physiotherapy
In addition, popular are the methods of physiotherapy (UHF - and ultrasound therapy, phototherapy), which, even if not the main, but significantly help to accelerate the healing process. Treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint with the help of physical therapy is effective because it reduces feelings of pain. Specific methods of physical therapy, depending on the degree of development of the disease determined by a physician. In addition, in the composition of the rehabilitation includes crampons, the reduction of pain, relief ointment and so.
Gymnastics
Gymnastics in osteoarthritis of the knee joint is one of the main methods that allow you to develop atrophy of the muscles. Exercise therapy in osteoarthritis of the knee joint should be done carefully, slowly. If the patient feels the resumption of painful feelings, it is worth it to stop the exercise immediately. When exercise is useful and beneficial will use a special knee in osteoarthritis.
In the rehabilitation groups include and treatment methods of orthopedic type. They gave a goal to reduce the burden on the knee, smoothly transplanting it on the sticks, prostheses. Many experts have prescribed to their patients the knee in osteoarthritis. This will help the patient to facilitate walking by at least painful.
Diet
As far as a special diet in osteoarthritis, it is, as usual, often is aimed at reducing the weight of the patient, because in the vast majority of cases this much weight, contributes to the congestion of the joints. Food provides food in small portions, about once every 3 hours. For weight reduction in the daily food you need to add lean meat (chicken, turkey, rabbit) and exclude the fat (lamb, pork). Vegetable protein should be taken from the legumes. For compliance with the diet in the diet should be a substitute of refined to unrefined oil, and also reduce the intake of salt.
A therapeutic diet provides, that the rejection of helena, the minimum consumption of preservation, smoked and fried foods (for appetite suppression). In order to restore destroyed cartilage, it is necessary to provide the body with complex carbohydrates (cereals, products made from whole grain flour). In food should be included juices (carrot, beet, apple). They crossed the toxins from your body and reducing the impact of inflammatory processes.
In the diet must be present fish and jelly, which operates some of the cartilage and helps create new cartilage. When it is worth to note that diet cannot assign yourself – the best option may pick up only a doctor-nutritionist (specialist diet).
Folk methods
Special attention should be paid to the general methods of the fight against the disease (treatment in home conditions). Many ointments, poultices and other people's tinctures, which offer healers and lovers of folk medicine, which are based on herbs, medical bile, improves the blood circulation in the diseased joint. The effect of the ointment is focused on the improvement of blood circulation, relaxation of the muscles. With this means often, that compresses. Their efficiency is very high, therefore this method sometimes doctors also used in traditional medicine (in combination with medication). The tiles must hope the bandages from the right waves, which warm the sore place. Of course, folk remedies is unlikely, can help significantly in osteoarthritis of the 3 degrees, but the auxiliary medicinal properties of folk methods not to neglect, because they are filmed discomfort and eliminate the main symptoms of the disease.
Among the most popular recipes of folk remedies, which can be used in the home, shall be issued:
- a poultice of horseradish. According to this national regulation to enhance the healing properties of horseradish, its recommended to pre-grind and cook. Then you must put to the affected land;
- a poultice of iodine, the medical bile, ammonia, alcohol, glycerin and the may honey. All the ingredients of this popular mixture is to be mixed, last for 10 days, and then apply on the aching knee. Is it the drug very effectively;
- lotion from the leaves of the cabbage. It is made from fresh leaves of cabbage, soaked can honey, and applied to the leg. Indicates a therapeutic effect of the thermal insulation from the wool fabric helena plastic film. This tool will suit people of all age groups;
- boban friends from oman with vodka.
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint has quite a varied drug, right patient picks up the doctor with regard to his age and physiological function. Can it be injections, ointments, knees in osteoarthritis and other medications. For the prevention of and the fight with the disease in the early stages can be applied to exercise therapy in osteoarthritis of the knee joint. With proper and prompt treatment, a person can save money, and not to cause great harm to the health.